The Horse: A Galloping History of Humanity (Timothy C. Winegard)

Horses have powered, sustained, and helped human civilization for millenia. From the first domestication over 5,000 years ago, horses have been steadfast travel companions and driven economic growth. However, the horse’s journey through our civilization is equally a trip through our technological and even entertainment development.

Timothy C. Winegard’s The Horse: A Galloping History of Humanity describes the horse’s past from wild, untamed beast that roamed grasslands around the world to a means of transportation, growth and expansion to a tool for fighting battles against enemies. Nations desired horses to help them develop. Societies relied on them to help till the soil, ship goods, and so much more. Winegard does a masterful job tethering the growth of humanity to the horse, showing how the world became more interconnected and economically empowered thanks to the horse’s reliability. The author also discusses wild and feral horses and how they impacted (or sustained) ecosystems in various parts of the world.

The Horse is as much a gallop through human history as it is a story of horse evolution over the past 5,000 years. Winegard’s storytelling of our interaction with these horses through good times and bad is well-researched and very effective.

MY RATING: 5

The Newsmongers: A History of Tabloid Journalism (Terry Kirby)

The British press has quite the history for breaking scandals and significant stories, pushing boundaries and finding itself often in the crosshairs of the public and British government for how it pursues a lead. Terry Kirby accounts the history of the (mostly British) tabloid press in Newsmongers: A History of Tabloid Journalism.

Kirby’s account is roughly 90% the history of British journalism, with the remaining 10% devoted to the American press. Within that 90%, much covers the rise of newspapers and eventually tabloid news as a main source of information for Brits. Rupert Murdoch gets plenty of coverage , along with the various scandals his newspapers produced over his years of owning media outlets in the UK.

The Newsmongers is a fast-paced account of British press, at times a dizzying account of figuring out news and their associations to various outlets. As an American, I was at times trying to make heads of which scandal was tied to which publisher or which paper since I only had some basic background on how British tabloid journalism operated. However, the book’s frenetic pace is somewhat symbolic in some quarters of journalism: fast-paced and frenetic. 

MY RATING: 4

Why War? (Richard Overy)

Conflict between humans has been a natural part of history for millenia, going back to our Neanderthal cousins in Ice Age times. Why humans would fight each other, whether it be with rocks and sharp tools or missiles and mustard gas, is a question that has stumped sociologists and historians. It seems that war and conflict will be a part of future stories of humankind as long as we exist.

Richard Overy, a historian known for World War II research, tackles the central question of the aptly titled book Why War?. Overy answers the question through eight different topics - a range of physiological, environmental, and sociological categories that show why people fought people, tribes fought tribes, and states fought states throughout recorded history. While the book is not a comprehensive account of warfare in the classic sense, it does discuss different examples to showcase each of the eight topic areas, including examples from Asia, Africa, and the Americas before European settlement.

Why War? is a book that will not provide answers to how to prevent future war from occurring. However, it does provide a smart, thoughtful analysis of the elements of human nature that drive some of us, as well as those who lead us to violence as a means of survival.

MY RATING: 5

Martin Van Buren: America's First Politician (James M. Bradley)

Among 19th Century Presidents, Martin Van Buren’s name is not often cited among the most noteworthy for what he accomplished while in office or during his career. We know about Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and U.S. Grant, but Van Buren’s role in American political history is pretty significant. James M. Bradley’s Martin Van Buren: America’s First Politician highlights a man who helped in the rise of the Democratic Party and the formations of America’s two-party system that still hold today.

Van Buren was elected President in 1836 after serving as Andrew Jackson’s Vice President for a term and prior roles in Congress and New York’s state government. The son of a tavern owner, Van Buren worked his way up into being a leader of the so-called “Albany Regency,” a collection of New York state- elected and appointed officials who are often cited by historians as one of the first political machines in state politics. Many of these members moved into Van Buren’s administration. 

Bradley’s book chronicles a man who helped Andrew Jackson establish the Democratic party and followed many of Jackson’s policies while in office, including the removal of Native Americans from the Eastern US and the gradual demise of the 2nd National Bank of the United States. Van Buren lost in 1840 to William Henry Harrison, a retired hero from the War of 1812, and “retired” to his manor in New York State, only to try to run again for the White House in 1844 and 1848. 

Bradley details many parallels from the 1830’s and 1840’s to the present, such as allegations of voter fraud and a  toxic political environment. Van Buren in some respects helped contribute to those issues through his belief in partisanship. However, his views on various political issues of the day could evolve. His 1848 run was as part of the “Free Soil” party, a collection of abolitionists from the Democrats, Whigs, and other minor parties opposed to the expansion of slavery into newly acquired western and southern territories. In some respects, Van Buren epitomized many politicians of our nation’s history - imperfect but influential. Van Buren’s legacy is as one of the forces to help codify a two-party system in the United States and as one of the first to organize and steer state political machines through his leadership in the Albany Regency.

MY RATING: 4.5